Cobia
Rachycentron canadum
At a Glance
Avg Length
40"
Avg Weight
30 lbs
World Record
135.9 lbs
Habitat
Nearshore, Buoys, Rays
About the Cobia
Also called ling or lemonfish. Curious nearshore fighter often sight-cast near rays and buoys.
The Cobia is one of the most recognizable saltwater species in North American waters, classified scientifically as <em>Rachycentron canadum</em>. It belongs to the Pelagic group, most commonly found in nearshore, buoys, rays environments. Anglers target this species for both sport and table fare, and it appears across a broad range of water bodies throughout the United States.
A typical Cobia runs 40 inches in length and weighs around 30 pounds, though fish in prime habitat regularly exceed these averages. The all-tackle world record stands at 135.9 lbs, set at Australia, making it a legitimate target for anglers chasing personal bests. Conservation status varies by region — check local regulations before keeping fish, as some waters have slot limits or catch-and-release requirements in place.
Habitat & Range
Primary habitat: Nearshore, Buoys, Rays.
The Cobia thrives across a wide range of saltwater environments throughout North America. Seasonal movements are driven by water temperature — fish tend to move into shallower water during spring and fall feeding periods, and push deeper or seek cover during the heat of summer and cold of winter. Understanding these patterns is critical to locating fish consistently across the season.
How to Fish for Cobia
Best bait: Live Eels.
Technique: Sight Casting.
Match your presentation to the season and conditions. In clear water, downsize your bait and slow your retrieve. In stained or muddy water, switch to high-contrast colors and add vibration. Early morning and evening are the most productive windows during summer months. During spawning season, fish become highly territorial and will strike out of aggression as well as hunger.
World Record
The all-tackle world record Cobia weighed 135.9 lbs, caught at Australia. This record represents the upper end of what this species achieves under ideal conditions. Most anglers targeting personal bests focus on proven trophy waters with the right combination of habitat, forage base, and light fishing pressure.
State Regulations
Regulations vary by state and water body. Before fishing for Cobia, verify current size limits, bag limits, and open seasons with your state fish and wildlife agency. Check your state's fishing license requirements and season dates at the FishLog Fishing License guide.
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